Mexico boasts a rich tradition of natural and herbal medicine, with a diverse range of plants used for healing purposes, some dating back centuries before the Spanish conquest. Traditional healers, known as curanderos, utilize these plants and other practices like massage and rituals to restore balance and treat various ailments. Mexican herbal medicine is categorized into herbal medicines (scientifically studied and with established efficacy) and herbal remedies (based on traditional knowledge).

Key aspects of herbal medicine in Mexico:
Diverse Herbal Repertoire:
Mexico’s medicinal plant repertoire is one of the most diverse globally, with an estimated 3,000 to 5,000 plants used by different ethnic groups.
Historical Significance:
The Aztec civilization, for example, documented medicinal plant knowledge in codices, some of which were later recovered and translated.

Traditional Healers:
Curanderos play a vital role in Mexican traditional medicine, employing herbal remedies, massages, and rituals to address both physical and spiritual well-being.
Scientific Validation:
Some herbal medicines are recognized as having scientifically confirmed therapeutic efficacy and safety, falling under the category of “herbal medicines”.
Specific Uses:
Examples of plants and their uses include rosemary for stomach pain, horse tail for urinary tract issues, and peach for antiparasitic and dysentery treatments.
Holistic Approach:
Many centers in Mexico offer holistic treatments, combining herbal medicine with other practices like massage, acupuncture, and nutritional counseling to address the mind, body, and spirit.
Examples of Medicinal Plants:
Some commonly used plants include rosemary, horse tail, peach, and Tilia, with specific cultural uses and names depending on the region.

Antiviral and Anticancer Properties:
Certain Mexican plants demonstrate antiviral effects, including against influenza and herpes, and anticancer activity.
Mexican traditional medicine utilizes a wide array of natural herbal spices for their healing properties, blending indigenous knowledge with influences from other cultures. Many herbs are used for digestive issues, while others are employed for a variety of ailments, reflecting a holistic approach to health.

Here’s a look at some notable examples:
Herbs and Spices:
Damiana:
A shrub found in dry regions of Mexico, known for its benefits to the intestinal tract, bladder, and even as an antidepressant. It’s also recognized for its aphrodisiac qualities.
Epazote:
A pungent herb used to treat menstrual cramps, improve intestinal function, remove intestinal worms, calm the nervous system, and increase milk production in breastfeeding.
Ginger:
Introduced by the Spanish, ginger is used for gastrointestinal complaints.

Turmeric:
A spice with powerful anti-inflammatory properties due to its curcumin content. Turmeric. Known for its bright, yellow-orange hue, turmeric tops the list of healthiest spices. That bold color comes from curcumin, a compound that provides potent antioxidants. Filled with nutrients, turmeric helps to reduce inflammation and protect against cancer and immune diseases.
Basil – the king of herbs, the all-purpose plant. Bursting with flavor, a staple of Mediterranean cuisine and a trusted cure for many ailments. Worshipped as a saint in India, venerated as guardian of the dead in ancient Egypt.
Cilantro:
Used for both medicinal and culinary purposes in many cultures, including Mexico.
Cumin:
Cultivated in Mexico and used for its rich iron content and ability to aid nutrient absorption.
Amphipterygium adstringens:
Native to Mexico, it’s used as an anti-ulcer drug and in treating conditions like GU and gastritis.
Justicia spicigera:
Used in traditional medicine, particularly its aerial parts, for their antioxidant properties.
Agastache mexicana:
A popular medicinal herb in Mexico, also known as Mexican Lemon Hyssop.
Calendula officinalis L. and Mimosae tenuiflorae:
These plants are important in traditional Mexican medicine due to their anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and healing activities
Hierba Buena. Hierba buena, also known as spearmint, is most often used to make tea in Mexico. However, it’s also commonly used in traditional Mexican medicine to treat cold, cough, asthma, fever, jaundice, and digestive ailments, per a 2021 study in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology.
Some of the most common spice blends used in Mexican cuisine include chili powder, which typically includes cumin, garlic powder, and paprika, and achiote paste, which is made from annatto seeds and gives dishes a vibrant red color.
What spices did Mayans use?
Various herbs were grown and used, including vanilla, epazote, achiote (and the annatto seed), Canella, Hoja santa (Piper auritum), avocado leaves, garlic vine, Mexican oregano, and allspice.
Resources:
Plants Used in Mexican
Traditional MedicineTraditional Medicine
Their Application and Effects In Traditional Healing Practices
https://www.utep.edu/herbal-safety/_files/docs/plants-used-in-mexican-traditional-medicine-july-04.pdf
https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/53488
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4783966/
https://www.mexicolore.co.uk/aztecs/health/mexican-herbal-medicines
Mexican Herbs Complete guide https://yourlatinanutritionist.com/blog/mexican-herbs
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